Integrand size = 15, antiderivative size = 308 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}-\frac {7 \arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{16 \sqrt {2} (-a)^{15/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {7 \arctan \left (1+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{16 \sqrt {2} (-a)^{15/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {7 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{16 (-a)^{15/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {7 \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{16 (-a)^{15/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {7 \log \left (\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}+\sqrt [4]{c} x\right )}{32 \sqrt {2} (-a)^{15/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {7 \log \left (\sqrt [4]{-a}+\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}+\sqrt [4]{c} x\right )}{32 \sqrt {2} (-a)^{15/8} \sqrt [8]{c}} \]
7/16*arctan(c^(1/8)*x^(1/2)/(-a)^(1/8))/(-a)^(15/8)/c^(1/8)+7/16*arctanh(c ^(1/8)*x^(1/2)/(-a)^(1/8))/(-a)^(15/8)/c^(1/8)+7/32*arctan(-1+c^(1/8)*2^(1 /2)*x^(1/2)/(-a)^(1/8))/(-a)^(15/8)/c^(1/8)*2^(1/2)+7/32*arctan(1+c^(1/8)* 2^(1/2)*x^(1/2)/(-a)^(1/8))/(-a)^(15/8)/c^(1/8)*2^(1/2)-7/64*ln((-a)^(1/4) +c^(1/4)*x-(-a)^(1/8)*c^(1/8)*2^(1/2)*x^(1/2))/(-a)^(15/8)/c^(1/8)*2^(1/2) +7/64*ln((-a)^(1/4)+c^(1/4)*x+(-a)^(1/8)*c^(1/8)*2^(1/2)*x^(1/2))/(-a)^(15 /8)/c^(1/8)*2^(1/2)+1/4*x^(1/2)/a/(c*x^4+a)
Time = 1.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 277, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.90 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {\frac {8 a^{7/8} \sqrt {x}}{a+c x^4}-\frac {7 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {2}} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}} \left (\sqrt [4]{a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x\right )}{\sqrt [8]{a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}\right )}{\sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {7 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {2}} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {1+\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}} \left (\sqrt [4]{a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x\right )}{\sqrt [8]{a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}\right )}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {7 \sqrt {2+\sqrt {2}} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2+\sqrt {2}} \sqrt [8]{a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [4]{a}+\sqrt [4]{c} x}\right )}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {7 \sqrt {2-\sqrt {2}} \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {-\left (\left (-2+\sqrt {2}\right ) x\right )}}{\sqrt [4]{a}+\sqrt [4]{c} x}\right )}{\sqrt [8]{c}}}{32 a^{15/8}} \]
((8*a^(7/8)*Sqrt[x])/(a + c*x^4) - (7*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[2]]*ArcTan[(Sqrt[1 - 1 /Sqrt[2]]*(a^(1/4) - c^(1/4)*x))/(a^(1/8)*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x])])/c^(1/8) - (7* Sqrt[2 - Sqrt[2]]*ArcTan[(Sqrt[1 + 1/Sqrt[2]]*(a^(1/4) - c^(1/4)*x))/(a^(1 /8)*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x])])/c^(1/8) + (7*Sqrt[2 + Sqrt[2]]*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[2 + Sq rt[2]]*a^(1/8)*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x])/(a^(1/4) + c^(1/4)*x)])/c^(1/8) + (7*Sqrt[ 2 - Sqrt[2]]*ArcTanh[(a^(1/8)*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[-((-2 + Sqrt[2])*x)])/(a^(1/4) + c^(1/4)*x)])/c^(1/8))/(32*a^(15/8))
Time = 0.59 (sec) , antiderivative size = 359, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.17, number of steps used = 15, number of rules used = 14, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.933, Rules used = {819, 851, 758, 755, 756, 218, 221, 1476, 1082, 217, 1479, 25, 27, 1103}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 819 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (c x^4+a\right )}dx}{8 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 851 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \int \frac {1}{c x^4+a}d\sqrt {x}}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 758 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-a}-\sqrt {c} x^2}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 755 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-a}-\sqrt {c} x^2}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x+\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 756 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x+\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{c} x+\sqrt [4]{-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 218 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x+\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 221 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x+\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1476 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{x-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{c}}+\frac {\int \frac {1}{x+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1082 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\frac {\int \frac {1}{-x-1}d\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{-x-1}d\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 217 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}-\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt {c} x^2+\sqrt {-a}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1479 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a}-2 \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c} \left (x-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\int -\frac {\sqrt {2} \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}+\sqrt [8]{-a}\right )}{\sqrt [8]{c} \left (x+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 25 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a}-2 \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c} \left (x-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}+\sqrt [8]{-a}\right )}{\sqrt [8]{c} \left (x+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 27 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a}-2 \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{x-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [4]{c}}+\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}+\sqrt [8]{-a}}{x+\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{-a}}{\sqrt [4]{c}}}d\sqrt {x}}{2 \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [4]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1103 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {7 \left (-\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}+\frac {\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{2 (-a)^{3/8} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}-\frac {\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}+1\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\arctan \left (1-\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt [8]{-a}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}+\frac {\frac {\log \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}+\sqrt [4]{-a}+\sqrt [4]{c} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}-\frac {\log \left (-\sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c} \sqrt {x}+\sqrt [4]{-a}+\sqrt [4]{c} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt [8]{-a} \sqrt [8]{c}}}{2 \sqrt [4]{-a}}}{2 \sqrt {-a}}\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (a+c x^4\right )}\) |
Sqrt[x]/(4*a*(a + c*x^4)) + (7*(-1/2*(ArcTan[(c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x])/(-a)^(1/8)] /(2*(-a)^(3/8)*c^(1/8)) + ArcTanh[(c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x])/(-a)^(1/8)]/(2*(-a)^(3 /8)*c^(1/8)))/Sqrt[-a] - ((-(ArcTan[1 - (Sqrt[2]*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x])/(-a)^(1/ 8)]/(Sqrt[2]*(-a)^(1/8)*c^(1/8))) + ArcTan[1 + (Sqrt[2]*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x])/( -a)^(1/8)]/(Sqrt[2]*(-a)^(1/8)*c^(1/8)))/(2*(-a)^(1/4)) + (-1/2*Log[(-a)^( 1/4) - Sqrt[2]*(-a)^(1/8)*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x] + c^(1/4)*x]/(Sqrt[2]*(-a)^(1/8) *c^(1/8)) + Log[(-a)^(1/4) + Sqrt[2]*(-a)^(1/8)*c^(1/8)*Sqrt[x] + c^(1/4)* x]/(2*Sqrt[2]*(-a)^(1/8)*c^(1/8)))/(2*(-a)^(1/4)))/(2*Sqrt[-a])))/(4*a)
3.8.53.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && !Ma tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2])^( -1))*ArcTan[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[-a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] & & (LtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTan[x/R t[a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTanh[x /Rt[-a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[a/b, 2] ], s = Denominator[Rt[a/b, 2]]}, Simp[1/(2*r) Int[(r - s*x^2)/(a + b*x^4) , x], x] + Simp[1/(2*r) Int[(r + s*x^2)/(a + b*x^4), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && (GtQ[a/b, 0] || (PosQ[a/b] && AtomQ[SplitProduct[SumBaseQ, a]] & & AtomQ[SplitProduct[SumBaseQ, b]]))
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[-a/b, 2 ]], s = Denominator[Rt[-a/b, 2]]}, Simp[r/(2*a) Int[1/(r - s*x^2), x], x] + Simp[r/(2*a) Int[1/(r + s*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && !GtQ[a /b, 0]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{r = Numerator[Rt[-a/b , 2]], s = Denominator[Rt[-a/b, 2]]}, Simp[r/(2*a) Int[1/(r - s*x^(n/2)), x], x] + Simp[r/(2*a) Int[1/(r + s*x^(n/2)), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && IGtQ[n/4, 1] && !GtQ[a/b, 0]
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-( c*x)^(m + 1))*((a + b*x^n)^(p + 1)/(a*c*n*(p + 1))), x] + Simp[(m + n*(p + 1) + 1)/(a*n*(p + 1)) Int[(c*x)^m*(a + b*x^n)^(p + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a , b, c, m}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && LtQ[p, -1] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, n, m, p , x]
Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> With[{k = Denominator[m]}, Simp[k/c Subst[Int[x^(k*(m + 1) - 1)*(a + b*(x^(k*n)/c^ n))^p, x], x, (c*x)^(1/k)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && FractionQ[m] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, n, m, p, x]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 1 - 4*S implify[a*(c/b^2)]}, Simp[-2/b Subst[Int[1/(q - x^2), x], x, 1 + 2*c*(x/b )], x] /; RationalQ[q] && (EqQ[q^2, 1] || !RationalQ[b^2 - 4*a*c])] /; Fre eQ[{a, b, c}, x]
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> S imp[d*(Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x + c*x^2, x]]/b), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0]
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[ 2*(d/e), 2]}, Simp[e/(2*c) Int[1/Simp[d/e + q*x + x^2, x], x], x] + Simp[ e/(2*c) Int[1/Simp[d/e - q*x + x^2, x], x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && PosQ[d*e]
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[ -2*(d/e), 2]}, Simp[e/(2*c*q) Int[(q - 2*x)/Simp[d/e + q*x - x^2, x], x], x] + Simp[e/(2*c*q) Int[(q + 2*x)/Simp[d/e - q*x - x^2, x], x], x]] /; F reeQ[{a, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && NegQ[d*e]
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.
Time = 3.96 (sec) , antiderivative size = 50, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.16
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (x^{4} c +a \right )}+\frac {7 \left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (c \,\textit {\_Z}^{8}+a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\ln \left (\sqrt {x}-\textit {\_R} \right )}{\textit {\_R}^{7}}\right )}{32 a c}\) | \(50\) |
default | \(\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 a \left (x^{4} c +a \right )}+\frac {7 \left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (c \,\textit {\_Z}^{8}+a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\ln \left (\sqrt {x}-\textit {\_R} \right )}{\textit {\_R}^{7}}\right )}{32 a c}\) | \(50\) |
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 397, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.29 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx=-\frac {7 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (-\left (i + 1\right ) \, a c x^{4} - \left (i + 1\right ) \, a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} i + \frac {1}{2}\right ) \, \sqrt {2} a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) + 7 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (\left (i - 1\right ) \, a c x^{4} + \left (i - 1\right ) \, a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (-\left (\frac {1}{2} i - \frac {1}{2}\right ) \, \sqrt {2} a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) + 7 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (-\left (i - 1\right ) \, a c x^{4} - \left (i - 1\right ) \, a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} i - \frac {1}{2}\right ) \, \sqrt {2} a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) + 7 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (\left (i + 1\right ) \, a c x^{4} + \left (i + 1\right ) \, a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (-\left (\frac {1}{2} i + \frac {1}{2}\right ) \, \sqrt {2} a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) - 14 \, {\left (a c x^{4} + a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) + 14 \, {\left (-i \, a c x^{4} - i \, a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (i \, a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) + 14 \, {\left (i \, a c x^{4} + i \, a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (-i \, a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) + 14 \, {\left (a c x^{4} + a^{2}\right )} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (-a^{2} \left (-\frac {1}{a^{15} c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + \sqrt {x}\right ) - 16 \, \sqrt {x}}{64 \, {\left (a c x^{4} + a^{2}\right )}} \]
-1/64*(7*sqrt(2)*(-(I + 1)*a*c*x^4 - (I + 1)*a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8)*log( (1/2*I + 1/2)*sqrt(2)*a^2*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8) + sqrt(x)) + 7*sqrt(2)*((I - 1)*a*c*x^4 + (I - 1)*a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8)*log(-(1/2*I - 1/2)*sqrt(2)* a^2*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8) + sqrt(x)) + 7*sqrt(2)*(-(I - 1)*a*c*x^4 - (I - 1) *a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8)*log((1/2*I - 1/2)*sqrt(2)*a^2*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8 ) + sqrt(x)) + 7*sqrt(2)*((I + 1)*a*c*x^4 + (I + 1)*a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/ 8)*log(-(1/2*I + 1/2)*sqrt(2)*a^2*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8) + sqrt(x)) - 14*(a*c *x^4 + a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8)*log(a^2*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8) + sqrt(x)) + 1 4*(-I*a*c*x^4 - I*a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8)*log(I*a^2*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8) + sqrt(x)) + 14*(I*a*c*x^4 + I*a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8)*log(-I*a^2*(-1/(a^1 5*c))^(1/8) + sqrt(x)) + 14*(a*c*x^4 + a^2)*(-1/(a^15*c))^(1/8)*log(-a^2*( -1/(a^15*c))^(1/8) + sqrt(x)) - 16*sqrt(x))/(a*c*x^4 + a^2)
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]
\[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx=\int { \frac {1}{{\left (c x^{4} + a\right )}^{2} \sqrt {x}} \,d x } \]
-7*c*integrate(1/8*x^(7/2)/(a^2*c*x^4 + a^3), x) + 1/4*(7*c*x^(9/2) + 8*a* sqrt(x))/(a^2*c*x^4 + a^3)
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 462 vs. \(2 (207) = 414\).
Time = 0.37 (sec) , antiderivative size = 462, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.50 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {-\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + 2 \, \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}}}\right )}{16 \, a^{2} \sqrt {-2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} + \frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} - 2 \, \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}}}\right )}{16 \, a^{2} \sqrt {-2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} + \frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + 2 \, \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {-\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}}}\right )}{16 \, a^{2} \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} + \frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} - 2 \, \sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {-\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}}}\right )}{16 \, a^{2} \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} + \frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (\sqrt {x} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + x + \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}{32 \, a^{2} \sqrt {-2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} - \frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (-\sqrt {x} \sqrt {\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + x + \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}{32 \, a^{2} \sqrt {-2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} + \frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (\sqrt {x} \sqrt {-\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + x + \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}{32 \, a^{2} \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} - \frac {7 \, \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} \log \left (-\sqrt {x} \sqrt {-\sqrt {2} + 2} \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{8}} + x + \left (\frac {a}{c}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}\right )}{32 \, a^{2} \sqrt {2 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}} + \frac {\sqrt {x}}{4 \, {\left (c x^{4} + a\right )} a} \]
7/16*(a/c)^(1/8)*arctan((sqrt(-sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8) + 2*sqrt(x))/(sqrt (sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8)))/(a^2*sqrt(-2*sqrt(2) + 4)) + 7/16*(a/c)^(1/8)* arctan(-(sqrt(-sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8) - 2*sqrt(x))/(sqrt(sqrt(2) + 2)*(a /c)^(1/8)))/(a^2*sqrt(-2*sqrt(2) + 4)) + 7/16*(a/c)^(1/8)*arctan((sqrt(sqr t(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8) + 2*sqrt(x))/(sqrt(-sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8)))/(a^2* sqrt(2*sqrt(2) + 4)) + 7/16*(a/c)^(1/8)*arctan(-(sqrt(sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^( 1/8) - 2*sqrt(x))/(sqrt(-sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8)))/(a^2*sqrt(2*sqrt(2) + 4)) + 7/32*(a/c)^(1/8)*log(sqrt(x)*sqrt(sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8) + x + (a/ c)^(1/4))/(a^2*sqrt(-2*sqrt(2) + 4)) - 7/32*(a/c)^(1/8)*log(-sqrt(x)*sqrt( sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8) + x + (a/c)^(1/4))/(a^2*sqrt(-2*sqrt(2) + 4)) + 7 /32*(a/c)^(1/8)*log(sqrt(x)*sqrt(-sqrt(2) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8) + x + (a/c)^(1/ 4))/(a^2*sqrt(2*sqrt(2) + 4)) - 7/32*(a/c)^(1/8)*log(-sqrt(x)*sqrt(-sqrt(2 ) + 2)*(a/c)^(1/8) + x + (a/c)^(1/4))/(a^2*sqrt(2*sqrt(2) + 4)) + 1/4*sqrt (x)/((c*x^4 + a)*a)
Time = 5.55 (sec) , antiderivative size = 135, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.44 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \left (a+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {x}}{4\,a\,\left (c\,x^4+a\right )}+\frac {7\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {c^{1/8}\,\sqrt {x}}{{\left (-a\right )}^{1/8}}\right )}{16\,{\left (-a\right )}^{15/8}\,c^{1/8}}-\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {c^{1/8}\,\sqrt {x}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{{\left (-a\right )}^{1/8}}\right )\,7{}\mathrm {i}}{16\,{\left (-a\right )}^{15/8}\,c^{1/8}}+\frac {\sqrt {2}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\,c^{1/8}\,\sqrt {x}\,\left (\frac {1}{2}-\frac {1}{2}{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{{\left (-a\right )}^{1/8}}\right )\,\left (\frac {7}{32}+\frac {7}{32}{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{{\left (-a\right )}^{15/8}\,c^{1/8}}+\frac {\sqrt {2}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\,c^{1/8}\,\sqrt {x}\,\left (\frac {1}{2}+\frac {1}{2}{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{{\left (-a\right )}^{1/8}}\right )\,\left (\frac {7}{32}-\frac {7}{32}{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{{\left (-a\right )}^{15/8}\,c^{1/8}} \]
x^(1/2)/(4*a*(a + c*x^4)) + (7*atan((c^(1/8)*x^(1/2))/(-a)^(1/8)))/(16*(-a )^(15/8)*c^(1/8)) - (atan((c^(1/8)*x^(1/2)*1i)/(-a)^(1/8))*7i)/(16*(-a)^(1 5/8)*c^(1/8)) + (2^(1/2)*atan((2^(1/2)*c^(1/8)*x^(1/2)*(1/2 - 1i/2))/(-a)^ (1/8))*(7/32 + 7i/32))/((-a)^(15/8)*c^(1/8)) + (2^(1/2)*atan((2^(1/2)*c^(1 /8)*x^(1/2)*(1/2 + 1i/2))/(-a)^(1/8))*(7/32 - 7i/32))/((-a)^(15/8)*c^(1/8) )